GIS-analysis of the old-developed region’s land use structure for the purposes of ecological framework design (on example of the Belgorod region)

DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2021-4-27-105-119

View or download the article (Rus)

About the Authors

Roman S. Luzhkov

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography,
Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russia;
E-mail: roma.roman-luzhkov@yandex.ru

Alla A. Pakina

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography,
Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russia;
E-mail: allapa@yandex.ru

Abstract

The Belgorod region is an example of an old-developed region, continuing to experience intense anthropogenic pressure. There are almost no undisturbed landscapes within the boundaries of the region, which have no restrictions to be included into the regional network of protected areas according to their ecological characteristics and legal status. The problem is that the ecological framework of the region is not a functionally and territorially integrated system, which is necessary for its effective functioning. The solution of the problem could be implementation of the scheme of ecological framework, developed in 2007 as a part of the territorial development of the region, but it is associated with potential conflicts of land owners rights. In this regard, the paper analyzed the compliance of the ecological framework proposed scheme with the existing land use structure to assess the prospects its practical implementation.

The analysis of the anthropogenic pressure on the municipalities of the Belgorod region allowed to identify the model districts (Borisovsky and Gubkinsky) with the maximum and minimum anthropogenic pressure. On the example of selected areas, the prospects of transferring areas within the boundaries of the proposed scheme to the category of protected lands, corresponding to the structural elements of ecological framework were evaluated. The land use structure of the model districts was analyzed using OpenStreetMap resource which allowed to identify the main land categories (settlements, industry, forestry and agricultural lands and protected areas) and differentiate them by the potential of compliance with the proposed framework scheme. Processing the data of various categories lands spatial distribution within the boundaries of the ecological framework in the Borisovsky and Gubkinsky districts using the Quantum GIS program showed that despite the high pressure on the territory it is still possible to implement the proposed scheme. The design of the ecological framework in the old-developed regions should be carried out at the level of municipalities. The conducted research also confirmed the relevance of the legislative framework improvement to ensure environmental protection activities by fixing the legal category “ecological framework”.

Keywords

ecological framework, land-use structure, old-developed region, Belgorod region

References

  1. Drozdova E.A., Kornilov A.G., Belitskaya Yu.S. Ecological framework in the scheme of improvement of the Belgorod region. Geology, geography, and global energy, 2013. No 4 (51). P. 182–190 (in Russian).
  2. Fichera C., Laudari L., Modica G. Application, validation and comparison in different geographical contexts of an integrated model for the design of ecological networks. Journal of agricultural engineering, 2015. No. 46. P. 52–61. DOI: 10.4081/jae.2015.459.
  3. Geographical Atlas of the Belgorod region: nature, society, economy. Russian public organization “Russian Geographical Society”, Belgorod State National Research University. Ed. by A.G. Kornilov, A.N. Petin, Yu.G. Chendev, V.I. Petina, etc. Belgorod: Constanta, 2018. 200 p. (in Russian).
  4. Jalkanen J., Toivonen T., Moilanen A. Identification of ecological networks for land-use planning with spatial conservation prioritization. Landscape Ecology, 2020. V. 35. P. 353–371. DOI: 10.1007/s10980-019-00950-4.
  5. Khoroshev A.V., Avessalomova I.A., Diakonov K.N., Ivanov A.N., Kalutskov V.N., Matasov V.M., Nizovtsev V.A., Sysuev V.V., Kharitonova T.I., Chizhova V.P., Erman N.M., Loshchinskaya E.S. Theory and methodology of landscape planning. Ed. by K.N. Diakonov, A.V. Khoroshev. M.: Association of Scientific Publications of the KMK, 2019. 444 p. (in Russian).
  6. Kitov M.V. Dynamics of the areas of abandoned natural feeding grounds in the Belgorod region for the period 1990–2010. Regional Geosystems, 2015. No. 9 (206). P. 92–102 (in Russian).
  7. Lopatin I.D. Agricultural districts of the Kursk province. Kursk: Kurskgubplan, 1923. 120 p. (in Russian).
  8. Lungarska A., Chakir R. Climate-induced Land Use Change in France: Impacts of Agricultural Adaptation and Climate Change Mitigation. Ecological Economics, Elsevier, 2018. No. 147. P. 134–154. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.12.030.
  9. Shakhbazyan T.Z. Geoinformation analysis for the purposes of forming the ecological framework and expanding the network of protected areas (on the example of the Stavropol Territory) InterCarto. InterGIS. Geoinformation support for sustainable development of Territories: Proceedings of the International Conference M: Moscow University Press, 2020. V. 26. Ch. 4. P. 104–113. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2020-4-26-104-113 (in Russian).
  10. Voropaeva T.V. Methodological features of designing the ecological framework of the territory. Scientific notes of the Trans-Baikal State University. Series: Biological Sciences, 2011. No. 1. P. 49–55. (in Russian).

For citation: Luzhkov R.S., Pakina A.A. GIS-analysis of the old-developed region’s land use structure for the purposes of ecological framework design (on example of the Belgorod region). InterCarto. InterGIS. GI support of sustainable development of territories: Proceedings of the International conference. Moscow: MSU, Faculty of Geography, 2021. V. 27. Part 4. P. 105–119. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2021-4-27-105-119 (in Russian)