An application of GIS technologies for identifying the potential foci of occurrence of hazardous hydrological phenomena (by the example of mountains of Southern Siberia)

DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2020-2-26-212-223

View or download the article (Rus)

About the Authors

Elena S. Zelepukina

Federal State Budget-Financed Educational Institution of Higher Education “The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications”,
Bolsheviki Ave, 22, 193232, St. Petersburg, Russia,
E-mail: elezelepu@gmail.com

Svetlana A. Gavrilkina

Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Earth Sciences,
Universitetskaya quay, 7–9, Russia, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia,
E-mail: svetilnic@mail.rus.gavilkina@spbu.ru

Galina V. Pryakhina

Saint Petersburg State University, Institute of Earth Sciences,
Universitetskaya quay, 7–9, Russia, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia,
E-mail: g.pryahina@spbu.ru

Abstract

Captured evidences of debris flows declare the obvious changes of mudflow regime in the West Sayan midland and lowland areas and require the need to review the levels of regional hazard risk. The analysis of natural and man-made preconditions of debris flows increasing revealed the priority impact of the last ones.

The absence of meaningful deviations from the normal of precipitation intensity targets was identified. It has been found that small debris flows on the middle grade of steepness slopes are a result of the combined activity of the different economic activities. Surface mining, associated road construction work, forming considerable amount of free of loose material, and active logging as well all contribute to emergence of debris flows hazard in basins of small rivers. The disruption of plant cover stabilizing role lead to the intensification of slope erosion processes.

Taiga belt degradation was caused mainly by the large logging lasted in the region more than half a century. It is shown, that a slight decrease in the general forest cover has led to a serious changes of forest structure, which affects the intensity of slope erosion processes and increase in the sediment loads in rivers for several decades.

A comprehensive approach to identify potential hotbeds of debris flows was proposed. It comprises the use of remote techniques in detection of human impact areas, morphometric analysis of watersheds affected by a large anthropogenic disturbance, assessment of areas under transformation, analysis of the temporal variability of hydro-meteorological characteristics and landscape structure dynamics. Due to the lack of availability of cadastral information of vegetation, soil and slope characteristics at an appropriate scale there is a need for more field research in key areas aimed at updating of the existing database.

Keywords

West Sayan ridge, debris flow, anthropogenic landscape transformation

References

  1. Andrejchik M.F. Change of the continentality index in the context of a warming climate in Tyva mountains. Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, 2010. V. 23. No 1. P. 1–6 (in Russian).
  2. Baltakova A., Nikolova V., Kenderova R., Hristova N. Application of GIS and remote sensing for analysis of debris flows: case study of western foothills of Pirin mountains (Bulgaria). Debris Flows: Disasters, Risk, Forecast, Protection: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference. Tbilisi: Universal, 2018. P. 22–32 (in Russian).
  3. Burenina T.A., Ovchinnikova N.F., Fedotova E.V. Transformation of the water balance components in cutover areas and in derivative forests of the Western Sayan. Geography and Natural Resources, 2011. No 1. P. 92–100 (in Russian).
  4. Jun Xu J., Cheng X., Huang Q., Chen Y., Qi W., Yuan J., Yang J. Susceptibility evaluation of debris flow based on experience weight method combined with “3S” technology: A case study from Dongchuan in Yunnan Province, China. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2017. V. 95. Iss. 2. P. 022051. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/95/2/022051.
  5. Kharlamova N.F. Evaluation and forecast of modern climate changes of the Altai region. Barnaul: Publishing Нouse of Altai State University, 2013. 156 р. (in Russian).
  6. Melelli L., Taramelli A. An example of debris-flows hazard modeling using GIS. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2004. No 4. P. 347–358. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-347-2004.
  7. Perov V.F. Zoning of debris flows-affected areas of USSR. Debris flows-affected areas of Soviet Union. Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 1976. P. 287–293 (in Russian).
  8. Prjahina G.V., Zelepukina E.S., Gavrilkina S.A., Solov’ev V.A., Amburceva N.I., Vinogradova T.A. Mathematical modeling of runoff formation spatial structure. Izvestia RAN. Seriya Geograficheskaya (Proceedings of the RAS. Geographical Series), 2020. No 2. P. 218–227 (in Russian).
  9. Prjahina G.V., Zelepukina E.S., Zhuravljov S.A., Osipova T.N., Amburceva N.I., Vinogradova T.A. The assessment of run-off from small mountain watersheds by hydrologic modelling. Herald of Moscow University. Series 5. Geography, 2017. No 1. P. 29–37 (in Russian).
  10. Semenov V.A. Climate conditioned changes of recurrence and relationship of hydro-meteorological hazards on the Asia territory of the Russian Federation. Climatology and glaciology of Siberia. Proceedings of the International conference. Tomsk, 2012. P. 274–276 (in Russian).

For citation: Zelepukina E.S., Gavrilkina S.A., Pryakhina G.V. An application of GIS technologies for identifying the potential foci of occurrence of hazardous hydrological phenomena (by the example of mountains of Southern Siberia). InterCarto. InterGIS. GI support of sustainable development of territories: Proceedings of the International conference. Moscow: Moscow University Press, 2020. V. 26. Part 2. P. 212–223. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2020-2-26-212-223 (in Russian)