Mapping of seasonal road transport accessibility in the Arctic region of Russia

DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2021-2-27-102-113

View or download the article (Rus)

About the Author

Tatiana S. Nokelaynen

Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Faculty of Geography,
Leninskie Gory 1, 119991, Moscow, Russia;
E-mail: nokelta@geogr.msu.su

Abstract

Transport accessibility is one of the main categories in transport research and planning of socio-economic development of territories. For Russia, which has the largest area of the northern and arctic territories, this problem is especially urgent. The presence and condition of the road network determines the territorial integrity and unity of the economic space, therefore fulfilling the most important strategic task of the spatial integration of the country.

Automobile transport in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is poorly developed and is characterized by a low density of the public network. Its main features are the disunity of the road network, the heterogeneous degree of transport development of the territories and the noticeable role of winter roads in the road infrastructure.

An integral part of the transport logistics of the Arctic regions of Russia are winter roads, which allow transportation in the winter season at the lowest cost. The purpose of this study is to develop a database structure and thematic mapping of automobile roads in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, taking into account the seasonality of their operation.

As a result of this work, a classification of winter automobile roads and ice crossings of the Arctic territories was developed and an overview map “Seasonal road transport accessibility of the Arctic region of Russia” at a scale of 1:20,000,000 was compiled. The map demonstrates the contrast between the relatively good winter transport development of the territory and summer impassability.

On the basis of statistical materials, maps “Density of all-season motorable roads” and “Level of motorization” were compiled, which give an idea of the differentiation of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation by these indicators. A high level of motorization significantly exceeds the capacity of the existing roads. This is due to the fact that off-road transport is the only guarantor of mobility for the population of hard-to-reach settlements.

Keywords

thematic mapping, road transport, the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, winter automobile roads

References

  1. Atlas of natural and technological hazards and risks of emergencies in the territory of the Russian Federation. Dizajn. Informaciya. Kartografiya, Moscow, 2010. 696 p. (in Russian).
  2. Atlas of the socio-economic development of Russia. Moscow, Mapping production association “Kartografija”, 2009. 215 p. (in Russian).
  3. Badina S.V., Pankratov A.A., Yankov K.V. Transport accessibility problems of the isolated settlements in Russian European Arctic zone: InterCarto. InterGIS. GI support of sustainable development of territories: Proceedings of the International conference. Moscow: Moscow University Press, 2020. V. 26. Part 1. P. 305–317. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2020-1-26-305-317 (in Russian).
  4. Butler J.A. Designing geodatabases for transportation. Redlands. Calif.: ESRI Press, 2008. 461 p.
  5. Crose A.I., Musolino G., Rindone C., Vitetta A. Transport system models and big data: zoning and graph building with traditional surveys, FCD and GIS. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf., 2019. V. 8. No. 4. P. 187–204. DOI: 10.3390/ijgi8040187.
  6. Ecological Atlas of Russia. Moscow: Karta, 2002. 128 p. (in Russian).
  7. Gubanov M.N., Nokelaynen T.S., Rilskiy I.A. Mapping of hydrocarbons pipeline transportation in the Arctic Region of Russia: InterCarto. InterGIS. GI support of sustainable development of territories: Proceedings of the International conference. Moscow: Moscow University Press, 2020. V. 26. Part 1. P. 105–115. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2020-1-26-105-115 (in Russian).
  8. Integrated transport system. Moscow: Center for strategic research, 2018. 278 p. (in Russian).
  9. Kuklina V.V., Osipova M.E. The role of winter roads in provision of transportation accessibility for the Arctic and Northern districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Society. Environment. Development, 2018. No. 2. P. 107–112 (in Russian).
  10. Lavrinenko P.A., Romashina A.A., Stepanov P.S., Chistyakov P.A. Transport accessibility as an indicator of regional development Studies on Russian Economic Development, 2019. Т. 30. No. 6. P. 694–701 (in Russian).
  11. Neretin A.S., Zotova M.V., Lomakina A.I., Tarkhov S.A. Transport сonnection and development of the eastern regions of Russia. Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya, 2019. No. 6. P. 35–52. (in Russian). DOI: 10.31857/S2587-55662019635-52.
  12. Nokelaynen T.S. GIS-mapping of the environmental impacts of road transport in Russia. InterCarto. InterGIS, 2015. V. 21. P. 97–99. DOI: 10.24057/2414-9179-2015-1-21-97-99.
  13. Nokelaynen T.S. Mapping the navigation conditions of Arctic rivers of Russia. InterCarto. InterGIS. GI support of sustainable development of territories: Proceedings of the International conference. Moscow: Moscow University Press, 2019. V. 25. Part 2. P. 175–185. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2019-2-25-175-185 (in Russian).
  14. Pilyasov A.N., Zamyatina N.Y., Goncharov R.V. There is no creativity without mobility: anthropology of transport in Siberia and the Far East. Prostranstvennaya Ekonomika. Spatial Economics, 2019. V. 15. No. 4. P. 149–183. DOI: 10.14530/se.2019.4.149-183 (in Russian).
  15. Russian Arctic: Space. Time. Resources. Atlas. Rosneft. Moscow: NIR Foundation, “Feoria”, 2019. 796 p. (in Russian).
  16. Serova N.A., Serova V.A. Critical tendencies of the transport infrastructure development in the Russian Arctic. Arctic and North, 2019. No. 36. P. 42–56. DOI: 10.17238/issn2221-2698.2019.36.42 (in Russian).
  17. Socio-economic development of the north-arctic territories of Russia. Apatity: Kola science centre of the Russian academy of sciences, 2019. 119 p. (in Russian).
  18. The National atlas of Russia. V. 3. Population. Economy. Moscow: Roskartografiya, 2008. 495 p. (in Russian).
  19. The Russian Arctic in the 21ST century: nature conditions and risks of the development. Atlas. Moscow: Feoria, 2013. 143 p. (in Russian).
  20. Tikunov V.S., Gubanov M.N., Karpovich L.L., Kiseleva N.M., Kotova T.V., Maslennikova V.V., Nokelaynen T.S., Talskaya N.N. New overview maps of Russia and of the world. Geodesy and cartography. 2014. No. 6. P. 40–49 (in Russian).

For citation: Nokelaynen T.S. Mapping of seasonal road transport accessibility in the Arctic region of Russia. InterCarto. InterGIS. GI support of sustainable development of territories: Proceedings of the International conference. Moscow: MSU, Faculty of Geography, 2021. V. 27. Part 2. P. 102–113. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2021-2-27-102-113 (in Russian)