As part of the study of the spatial patterns of the demographic development of the Bryansk-Belgorod section of the Russian borderland, a demogeographic classification of municipalities was carried out. A corresponding GIS section has been developed for monitoring the demographic development of the Russian border area. For each of the indicators in the GIS shell, a series of maps was created and a geo-information analysis of the dynamics was carried out. The complex characteristic of the territory was compiled, the features of territorial differentiation were revealed. In addition, with the help of rankings, a rating of municipalities by indicators for different years was created.

When processing the final demographic indicators used methods of multidimensional mathematical modeling. The index method of classification of territories is applied. To obtain the first index, key demographic vital statistics are calculated—total fertility and mortality rates, depopulation rates. The development of the second index involved indicators of the proportion of women of reproductive age in the population, a special fertility rate and the balance of migration.

The index method and monitoring of natural movement of the population allowed to detect significant territorial changes in the demographic situation. The least favorable indicators in the respective groups of regions are somewhat smoothed out. The number of municipalities with a relatively favorable situation is decreasing, and differences from areas with unfavorable conditions are now less noticeable. In most areas of the border area, a key factor in the changes in the demographic characteristics of the population is the change in the ratios of migration flows.