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About the Authors
Vladimir N. Chernykh
8, Sakhyanovoy str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia,
E-mail: geosibir@yandex.ru
Alexander A. Ayurzhanaev
8, Sakhyanovoy str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia,
E-mail: aaayurzhanaev@yandex.ru
Bator V. Sodnomov
8, Sakhyanovoy str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia,
E-mail: sodnomov@binm.ru
Margarita A. Zharnikova
8, Sakhyanovoy str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia,
E-mail: rita_zharnikova@mail.ru
Andrey N. Shikhov
Bair O. Gurzhapov
8, Sakhyanovoy str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia,
E-mail: bair.gurzhapov@yandex.ru
Endon Zh. Garmaev
8, Sakhyanovoy str., Ulan-Ude, 670047, Russia,
E-mail: garend1@yandex.ru
Abstract
The results of the study of icings distribution in the Selenga Middle Mountains using the methods of geoinformation analysis are presented. On the basis of Landsat satellite imagery data on the location and number of icings were obtained for 4 years: 1990, 2000, 2018, 2022. It is revealed that the number of icings varies from 3.4 to 7.7 thousand. Comparative analysis of the location of icings and tectonic faults obtained by digitization of geological maps established that, in addition to groundwater icings, there are at least 1 850 spring icings within the study area. Their formation is associated with zones of groundwater discharge of deep aquifers along faults. At the same time, the total number of icings is dominated by groundwater icings, in the formation of which precipitation plays a significant role. In the total number of icings, those formed by the emergence of groundwater from buried gravel deposits in river valleys due to increased pressure during the seasonal freezing of bedrock—known as groundwater icings—predominate. The intensity of such icing formation depends on meteorological factors, primarily the amount of precipitation during the preceding warm season, as well as the near-surface air temperature during the cold season. As a result of analyzing the distribution of icings over the relief (using the HydroSHEDS digital elevation model), it was found that more than 43 % of icings are formed in the 850–1 000 m height range. A noteworthy fact is the downslope shifting of icings, i. e. from slopes to intermountain basins, as well as downstream along watercourses, which is probably related to changes in the permafrost-hydrogeological situation due to the observed temperature increase. The data obtained by GIS-analysis are confirmed by field surveys conducted at key monitoring sites and are a reliable basis for further study of icing dynamics in Transbaikalia.
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References
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For citation: Chernykh V.N., Ayurzhanaev A.A., Sodnomov B.V., Zharnikova M.A., Shikhov A.N., Gurzhapov B.O., Garmaev E.Zh. GIS-analysis of icings distribution in the Selenga Middle mountains. InterCarto. InterGIS. Moscow: MSU, Faculty of Geography, 2025. V. 31. Part 1. P. 369–380. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2025-1-31-369-380 (in Russian)