Assessment of the current oncological situation in the world

DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2025-1-31-188-197

View or download the article (Rus)

About the Authors

Svetlana M. Malkhazova

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography,
1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
E-mail: sveta_geo@mail.ru

Vladimir S. Tikunov

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography,
1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
E-mail: vstikunov@yandex.ru

Vladislav R. Gaidukov

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography,
1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
E-mail: gayd.vladislav2013@yandex.ru

Adilya Z. Setdikova

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography,
1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russia,
E-mail: setdikova02@mail.ru

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to assess the current oncological situation in the world and to determine the regional features of the manifestation of oncopathologies. The work was performed using mathematical and cartographic modeling methods based on morbidity and mortality rates among men and women by the main nosoforms in 2020 in 185 countries. A medical and geographical analysis of the spread of oncological diseases in the world has been carried out, and the main regional features of the manifestation of oncopathologies by country have been identified. As a result of the study, it was found that the regions-leaders in cancer incidence are mainly countries with a high level of economic development and a higher proportion of the elderly population. It should be noted that the maximum mortality rate is not observed in those countries that are leading in terms of morbidity. Obviously, this is due to a very high level of medical care for cancer patients in countries where the highest incidence is detected. The main most common forms of malignant neoplasms in men are prostate cancer, trachea, bronchi, lung cancer. Women have breast and cervical cancer. The analysis conducted at the global level allows us to present Russia’s place in the global context in terms of morbidity and mortality from the predominant forms of malignant neoplasms separately for men and women. According to the conducted research, Russia occupies a relatively safe place in the world ranking according to all the considered indicators. The results obtained can be used for further research to identify cancer risk factors in various regions of the world.

Keywords

oncological diseases, medical geography, mathematical and cartographic modeling

References

  1. Bray F., Parkin D. African Cancer Registry Network. Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa in 2020: A Review of Current Estimates of the National Burden, Data Gaps, and Future Needs. The Lancet Oncology, 2022. V. 23. Iss. 6. P. 719–728. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00270-4.
  2. Burki T.K. Cancer Care in the Time of COVID-19. The Lancet Oncology, 2020. V. 21. Iss. 5. P. 628. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30201-1.
  3. Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Lyon: IARC Scientific Publication, 2021. No. 166. 1546 p.
  4. Cao W., Chen H., Yu Y., Li N., Chen W. Changing Profiles of Cancer Burden Worldwide and in China: A Secondary Analysis of the Global Cancer Statistics 2020. Chinese Medical Journal, 2021. V. 134. Iss. 7. P. 783–791. DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001474.
  5. Chikara B., Parang K. Global Cancer Statistics 2022: The Trends Projection Analysis. Chemical Biology Letters, 2023. No. 10 (1). 451 p.
  6. Malignant Neoplasms in Russia in 2020 Year (Incidence and Mortality). Moscow: Oncology Research Institute (MORI)—National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2021. 252 p. (in Russian).
  7. Medico-Geographical Atlas of Russia “Risk Factors for Oncological Diseases”. Moscow: Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, 2024. 256 p. (in Russian).
  8. Sathishkumar K., Chaturvedi M., Das P., Stephen S., Mathur P. Cancer Incidence Estimates for 2022 & Projection for 2025: Result from National Cancer Registry Programme, India. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2020. V. 156. Iss. 4&5. P. 598–607. DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1821_22.
  9. Stewart B., Kleihues P. World Cancer Report. Lyon: IARC Press, 2023. 342 p.
  10. Tikunov V.S. Classifications in Geography: Renaissance or Decline? (Experience of Formal Classifications). Moscow–Smolensk: Publishing House of the Smolensk State University, 1997. 367 p. (in Russian).
  11. WHO Report on Cancer: Setting Priorities, Investing Wisely and Providing Care for All. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020. 160 p.
  12. Xia C., Dong X., Li H., Cao M., Sun D., He S., Yang F., Yan X., Zhang S., Li N., Chen W. Cancer Statistics in China and United States, 2022: Profiles, Trends, and Determinants. Chinese Medical Journal, 2022. V. 135. Iss. 5. P. 584–590. DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002108.

For citation: Malkhazova S.M., Tikunov V.S., Gaidukov V.R., Setdikova A.Z. Assessment of the current oncological situation in the world. InterCarto. InterGIS. Moscow: MSU, Faculty of Geography, 2025. V. 31. Part 1. P. 188–197. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2025-1-31-188-197 (in Russian)