Landscape and geoecological mapping of landslades on the territory of the Chechen Republic

DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2024-1-30-242-256

View or download the article (Rus)

About the Authors

Alexey N. Gunya

Institute of Geography, RAS,
29, build. 4, Staromonetny ln., Moscow, 119017, Russia,
E-mail: a.n.gunya@igras.ru

Rustam A. Gakaev

The Chechen State University,
32, A. Sheripova str., Grozny, 364024, Russia,
E-mail: rustam.geofak@yandex.ru

Abstract

The work analyzes landslide processes that are common in the mountainous part of the Chechen Republic and are activated in connection with natural and natural-anthropogenic processes. The basis is the geographic information system created by the authors and a database with 1 800 landslides, including the individual landslide number, its geographical coordinates, description of the size, degree of activity, nature of its integration into the surrounding landscape, etc. The purpose of this work is to develop a landscape-geoecological approach to mapping landslides at the regional and local levels, which combines traditional methods of pre-field and field landscape profiling and mapping, accompanied by interpretation of Earth remote sensing materials, landscape-geomorphological profiling and mapping of specific landslide areas and landslides using GIS technologies. To achieve this goal, two levels of mapping detail were taken: 1) mesoscale mapping of landslides in the mountainous part of the territory of the Chechen Republic; 2) large-scale mapping in a key area in the low-mountain zone. The selection of the site was based on an assessment of its comprehensive landscape representativeness. Relationships between the spread of landslides depending on absolute height, exposure, slope steepness, and land use have been identified. It has been demonstrated that landscape-geomorphological large-scale profiling and mapping of specific landslide areas using GIS technologies is an effective method for analyzing the mechanisms of landslide occurrence in specific natural and economic conditions. Large-scale landscape-geomorphological mapping made it possible to identify the main features of the dynamics of landslide occurrence. Differences in dynamics are expressed both in morphometric indicators (length, affected area, etc.), as well as in systemic features: the embeddedness of landscape-landslide complexes in the landscape, the contrast of its landscape structure compared with background landscapes.

Keywords

landslides, landscape-landslide complexes, Chechen Republic, landscape structure, landscape mapping

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For citation: Gunya A.N., Gakaev R.A. Landscape and geoecological mapping of landslades on the territory of the Chechen Republic. InterCarto. InterGIS. Moscow: MSU, Faculty of Geography, 2024. V. 30. Part 1. P. 242–256. DOI: 10.35595/2414-9179-2024-1-30-242-256 (in Russian)